The volume of online antisemitism has escalated dramatically following the October 7 attacks, a royal commission has been informed. Data presented indicated a fivefold increase in such content across various social media platforms. This surge has seen traditional antisemitic tropes, Holocaust denial, and incitement to violence become more prevalent.
The Online Hate Prevention Institute (OHPI) reported a significant increase in antisemitic material online after October 7, with its chief executive, Andre Oboler, detailing the main forms observed: Holocaust denial, incitement to violence, traditional antisemitic tropes, and a specific strain linking anti-Zionism with antisemitism. Oboler noted that on some platforms, traditional antisemitic narratives like blood libel and deicide were repurposed to target Zionists, Israelis, or Israel itself.
Further complicating the landscape, nearly 44 percent of Australians surveyed expressed uncertainty about the reality of the October 7 attacks, a finding highlighted by Dr. Oboler and others appearing before the commission. This lack of clarity on a pivotal event is seen as contributing to the spread of misinformation and hate.
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Shifting Tides on Social Media
Platforms are grappling with the deluge of hate speech. While some sites, like X (formerly Twitter), already hosted a high volume of antisemitic content pre-October 7, leading to a smaller relative increase post-attack, the overall trend across platforms shows a marked intensification. CyberWell, which categorizes content using the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition, reported a noticeable uptick in the removal of antisemitic content after becoming a trusted partner with platforms like TikTok and Meta.
The nature of antisemitism also appears to be evolving. While traditional forms persist, there's a growing focus on narratives that equate Jewish identity with Zionism, leading to targeting based on perceived associations. This includes dehumanizing language, such as comparing Jewish people to animals, which violates platform policies.
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Global and Institutional Impact
The ramifications extend beyond online spaces. Jewish institutions globally have reported over 2,000 incidents targeting synagogues and Jewish centers, necessitating enhanced security measures. College campuses, in particular, saw a 500 percent increase in antisemitic incidents.
The analysis suggests antisemitism is a phenomenon that renews itself, adapting to circumstances and exploiting technological shifts. This dynamic poses significant operational and legal challenges, particularly given the global nature of digital platforms and varying regulations across jurisdictions.
Background and Methodology
The findings presented to the royal commission draw on data collected and analyzed by various research bodies, including the Online Hate Prevention Institute (OHPI), CyberWell, and surveys such as CrossRoads25. These organizations employ methodologies that involve tracking keywords, applying definitions like the IHRA's, and human review to categorize and quantify antisemitic content. The stated aim of this work is to understand the discourse surrounding antisemitism, identify harmful narratives, and inform prevention strategies.
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